Class-12th English- Summary
“Indian Civilization And Culture”
Asked in: (2012,2013,2016)
● Born – 2nd October 1869 At Porbandar in Gujarat .
● Mahatma Gandhi is known as father of nation.
● Death – 30th January 1948 in compound of Birla.
‘Indian Civilization and Culture’ is an essay that presents the ideas of Mahatma Gandhi about the Indian civilization and culture. He compares the lndian of the ancient civilization with the Western or the modern civilization. He says that Indian civilization develops morality while Western civilization spreads immorality. Our civilization can teach the world, therefore, we need not copy the Western civilization. Our ancestors advised us to maintain distance from the use of machinery because the use of machinery may paralyse our hands and feet. They suggested resisting our wants to lead a happy life. Our civilization is still alive while the other civilizations of the world died. Therefore, in Gandhiji’s words if we want our India to rise and shine, We should always value the glory and dignity of our civilization and culture. There is no match for it in this world where a mad rush for materials has deadened the mind of people.
“Indian Civilization and Culture” Objective Questions Bihar_Board
Q.1. Who wrote “Indian Civilization And Culture ?”
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(C) Zahir Hussain
(D) H. E. Bates
Ans- (A) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.2. Gandhiji went to Champaran in ………….
(A) 1917
(B) 1916
(C) 1918
(D) 1915
Ans- (A) 1917
Q.3. European civilization will mean ………… for India.
(A) Want
(B) Living
(C) Real
(D) Ruin
Ans- (D) Ruin
Q.4. Our ancestors enjoyed true ……….. Rule.
(A) Nice
(B) Society
(C) Home
(D) Nation
Ans- (C) Home
Q.5. ………… were satisfied with small villages.
(A) Romans
(B) Our ancestors
(C) Italians
(D) Germans
Ans- (B) Our ancestors
Q.6. ……….. prefers spiritualism to materialism.
(A) Dr. Zahir Hussain
(B) Mahatma Gandhi
(C) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(D) Indira Gandhi
Ans- (B) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.7. Who dominated Indian politics from 1915 to 1948 ?
(A) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(B) Sardar Patel
(C) Mahatma Gandhi
(D) Subhash Chandra Bose
Ans- (C) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.8. Who used truth and non-violence as the chief weapons against the British rule in India ?
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(C) Sardar Patel
(D) Subhash Chandra Bose
Ans- (A) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.9. The comman people lived independently and enjoyed ……………
(A) Home Rule
(B) Kings Rule
(C) British Rule
(D) Mughal Rule
Ans- (A) Home Rule
Q.10. Gandhiji says, “Nothing can equal the seeds by our …………….
(A) Politicians
(B) Saints
(C) Ancestors
(D) Farmer’s
Ans- (C) Ancestors
Q.11. The people of Europe are inspired by ……… and Roman writers.
(A) Greek
(B) British
(C) Indian
(D) German
Ans- (A) Greek
Q.12. Our ancestors enjoyed …………. Rule. [2018A]
(A) Nice
(B) Society
(C) Home
(D) Nation
Ans- (C) Home
Q.13. ‘My Experiments with Truth’ was written by ………
(A) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(B) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(C) Sardar Pate
(D) Mahatma Gandhi
Ans- (D) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.14. ………… is known as the Father of the Nation or Bapu.
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(C) Sardar Patel
(D) Lal Bahadur Shashtri
Ans- (A) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.15. The sentence ‘After all, there is something in Hinduism that has kept it alive up till now’ is taken from …………. [2019A]
(A) Artist
(B) The Earth
(C) Indian Civilization and Culture
(D) I Have a Dream
Ans- (C) Indian Civilization And Culture
Q.16. ……….. was a spiritual leader than a politician
(A) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(B) Sardar Patel
(C) Subhash Chandra Bose
(D) Mahatma Gandhi
Ans- (D) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.17. Pharaoh’s were rulers of ancient ………
(A) Egypt
(B) Russi
(C) India
(D) Greece
Ans- (A) Egypt
Q.18. Indian glory is the it is
(A) Movable
(B) Immovable
(C) Ignorant
(D) Uncivilized
Ans- (B) Immovable
Q.19. Civilization is the state of development of a ………… .
(A) Bird
(B) People
(C) Animal
(D) Non-living thing
Ans- (B) People
Q.20. Simple living and high thinking is the base of …………
(A) Iranian Civilization
(B) Indian Civilization
(C) American Civilization
(D) European Civilization
Ans- (B) Indian Civilization
Q.21. …………. is dead against blind imitation of Western Civilization.
(A) Mahatma Gandhi
(B) Jawahar Lal Nehru
(C) Sardar Patel
(D) Dr. Ambedkar
Ans- (A) Mahatma Gandhi
Q.22. The invention of ……….. is the turning point in our development.
(A) Light
(B) Fire
(C) Thunder
(D) Weapons
Ans- (B) Fire
Q.23. The world famous Attic Civilization is in ……………
(A) Greece
(B) Italy
(C) Spain
(D) Portugal
Ans- (A) Greece
Q.24. …………… viewed large cities as snares and useless encum brances.
(A) Romans
(B) Our ancestors
(C) Italians
(D) Germans
Ans- (B) Our ancestors
Q.25. Has civilization taught us to be more …………… towards me another.
(A) Enemy
(B) Angry
(C) Upset
(D) Friendly
Ans- (D) Friendly
Q.1. What does our Civilization depend upon?
Ans- Our Civilization and our culture does not depend upon our multiplication of wants, rather, it rests on the idea of selfdenial and restriction of wants.Self-indulgence is easy but self-denial is something which requires determination and strength. So,we are proud to acknowledge that our civilization teaches us self-denial.
Q.2. How did our ancestors view large cities? Why were they satisfied with small village?
Ans- They viewed large cities as snares and useless encumbrances, having gangs of theives, robbers and prostitutes. Their village fulfilled all their needs. So they were satisfied with small village.
Q.3 What does Gandhijee prefer to materialism?
Ans- Gandhijee is dead against blind imitation of Western Civilization that is based on naked materialism. He prefers the development of moral being, restriction on wants and contentment with a firm belief in God.
Q.4. Why does gandhiji say that ‘mind is a restless bird’?
Ans- Gandhiji in his essay ‘indian Civilization and culture ‘ believes on performance of dut and observance of morality. He says that our ancestors understood very clearly that our minds are restless which will keep on increasing our desires and wants. So they set a limit to our indulgences and made themselves firm with the belief that happiness is a mental condition.
Q.5. What other Civilizations does he refer to While highlighting the vitality of Indian civilization?
Ans- He refers to the civilization of Rome, Greece, Japan and China, which are now destroyed or westernized. Indian civilization is still alive.