Q.1. Name any bacteria with flagellum.
Ans- Examples of bacteria having flagella are vibrio cholerae, E.coli, spirochaetes etc. It helps in locomotion of bacteria.
Q.2. Write a note in brief about asexual reproduction in organisms.
Ans- A sexual reproduction is a mode of reproduction that involves a single parent. It results in offspring that are all genetically identical to the parent. All prokaryotes and some eukaryotes reproduce by this method. There are several different methods of asexual reproduction :-
(a) Binary fission (b) Fragmentation (c) Budding (d) Spores (e) Regeneration.
Q.3. Differentiate between Dimorphism and polymorphism.
Ans- The occurrence of more than one type of structurally and functionally different individuals within a population is called polymorphism is essentially one of division of labour in which specific function are assigned to different individuals. On the other hand, Sexual Dimorphism is the condition where the two sexes of same species exhibit different characteristics beyond the difference in their sexual organs.The condition occurs in many animals and some plants. Differences may include secondary sex characteristics, size, color, markings and may also include behavioural differences.
Q.4.What do you understand by budding ?
Ans- Budding is a mode of asexual reproduction in which the parent cell produces one or more bud-like protuberances, which get detached from parent cell and grow into new individual. There is an unequal division during budding. The young bud grows in size, gets separated and matures into a new organism.
Q.5. Define clone. Give one advantage and one disadvantage of clones.
Ans- Organism or cell, or group of organisms or cells, produced asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they are genetically identical are called as clones. Asexually from one ancestor or stock, to which they are genetically identical are called as clones.
Advantages of clones :- (A) All the new plants are genetically identical i.e. they will have the desired characteristics. (B) Organisms that are difficult or slow to breed normally can be reproduced quickly.
Disadvantage of clone :- (A) If a clone is suspectible to disease or changes in environment, then all the clones will be suspectible. (B) It will lead to less variation, and less opportunity to create new varieties in the future.
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