Q.1. Write difference between double salt and Complex ?
Ans:- Double Salt:- These are stable in solid state. Double salt are break down into its ion when disolve in water(H₂O).
Example:- Carnallite, KCl.MgCl₂.6H₂O etc.
Complex:- Complex ion are do not dissociate into water(H₂O). The spin only magnetic moment of is 5.9 BM predict the geometry of the complex and
Example:- [Fe(CN)₆]⁴⁻, K₄Fe(CN)₆ etc
Q.2. What is Coordination entity ?
Ans:- A coordination entity constitutes a Central metal atom or ion bonded to a fixed number of ions or molecules. Eg. [CoCl₃(NH₃)₃]
Q.3. What is Central atom or ion ?
Ans:- In a coordination entity, the atom/ion to which a fixed number of ions/groups are bound in a definite geometrical arrangement around it. is called the Central atom or ion.
Q.4. What is ligands ?
Ans:- A ligand is an ion or molecule, which donates a pair of electrons and bound to the central metal atom or ion in the coordination entity are called ligands.
Q.5. Define Coordination number ?
Ans:- The coordination number of a metal ion in a complex can be defined as the number of ligand donor atoms to which the metal is directly bonded. For e.g. [PtCl₆]²⁻ the coordination no. Pt is 6.
Q.6. What is Coordination sphere ?
Ans:- The central atom or ion and the ligands attached to it are enclosed in a square bracket and is collectively termed as the coordination sphere.
Q.7. What is coordination polyhedron ?
Ans:- The spatial arrangement of the ligand atoms which are directly attached to the central atom or ion defines a coordination polyhedron about the central atom.
Q.8. What is oxidation number of central atom ?
Ans:- The oxidation number of the central atom in a complex is defined as the charge it would carry if all the ligands are removed along with the electron pairs that are shared with the central atom.
Q.9. Define Homoleptic and Heteroleptic complexes ?
Ans:- Complexes in which a metal is bounded to only one kind of donar groups, e.g.[Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺, are known as homoleptic. Complexes in which a metal is bound to more than one kind of donar groups,e.g.[Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]⁺, are known as Heteroleptic.
Q.10. The spin only magnetic moment of [MnBr₄]²⁻ is 5.9 BM. predict the geometry of the complex ion ?
Ans:- Since the coordination number of Mn²⁺ ion in the complex ion is 4. It will be either tetrahedral (sp³ hybridisation) or square planar (dsp² hybridisation). But the fact that the magnetic moment of the complex ion 5.9 BM, it should be tetrahedral in shape rather than square planar because of the presence of five unpaired electrons in d orbitals.